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Ur Kaśdim
Ur Kaśdim ((ヘブライ語:אוּר כַּשְׂדִים) ''’Ūr Ḵaśdîm''), commonly translated as Ur of the Chaldees, is a city mentioned in the Book of Genesis as the birthplace of the Patriarch Abraham. There is much debate about the city's location.
==Identifying Ur Kaśdim==
In 1927 Leonard Woolley identified Ur Kaśdim with the Sumerian city of Ur, in southern Mesopotamia, where the Chaldeans were to settle in much later times, around the 9th century BCE; Ur lay on the boundary of the later region called ''Kaldu'' (Chaldea, corresponding to Hebrew ''Kaśdim'') in the first millennium BCE. It was the sacred city of the moon god and the name "Camarina" is thought to be related to the Arabic word for moon ''qamar''. The identification with Ur Kaśdim accords with the view that Abraham's ancestors may have been moon-worshippers, an idea based on the possibility that the name of Abraham's father Terah is related to the Hebrew root for moon (''y-r-h''). The Book of Joshua says "Joshua said to all the people, "This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: 'Long ago your ancestors, including Terah the father of Abraham and Nahor, lived beyond the Euphrates River and worshiped other gods.'"()
One of the traditional sites of Abraham's birth is placed in the vicinity of the Assyrian city of Edessa. Both Islamic tradition and classical Jewish authorities, such as Maimonides and Josephus, placed Ur Kaśdim at various Assyrian or south east Anatolian sites such as Urkesh, Urartu, Urfa, or Kutha.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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